Controlling Backchannels in Streamable Full-duplex Models

arXiv:2609.29418 · cs.CL, cs.HC · Submitted 2026-09-24 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.HC

Submitted: 2026-09-24

Updated: 2026-09-24

Code: https://github.com/MaikeZuefle/bcmore

Terminology

• Actor — 16× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Transformer — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmark — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Decode — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Voice Activity Projection — 2× in this paper
• Accuracy — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adaptation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Aggregation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Annotator Agreement — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Embeddings — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• F1 Score — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Foundation Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Generative AI — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Verification — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Moshi: a speech-text foundation model for real-time dialogue
• Multi-Faceted Interactivity Alignment in Full-Duplex Speech Models
• DualTurn: Learning Turn-Taking from Dual-Channel Generative Speech Pretraining
• Synchronization and Turn-Taking in Full-Duplex Speech Dialogue Models
• LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models
• VoXtream2: Full-stream TTS with dynamic speaking rate control
• The Llama 3 Herd of Models
• Canary-1B-v2 & Parakeet-TDT-0.6B-v3: Efficient and High-Performance Models for Multilingual ASR and AST
• TurnBench: A Multi-Domain Benchmark for Turn-Taking Dynamics in Spoken Dialogue
• Pearmut: Human Evaluation of Translation Made Trivial

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