Breaking Diffusion: Parallel Reasoning with Draft Refinement
cs.AI
Submitted: 2026-10-19
Updated: 2026-10-19
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: Drafting an answer allows a reasoning model to reconsider each decision in the context of the others.
Abstract
Drafting an answer allows a reasoning model to reconsider each decision in the context of the others. Yet repeated diffusion denoising does not ensure that individually plausible token updates form a better answer together. We introduce Draft Refinement Language Models (DRLMs), which use a single denoiser to propose parallel revisions and evaluate a candidate draft. We train the denoiser to reconstruct every token from uniformly corrupted drafts, teaching both preservation and repair. Its predictions specify revisions directly, without a diffusion reverse transition. Evaluation requires a different use of these predictions: confidence in an existing token reflects both contextual support and evidence from observing the token itself. Using the known corruption process, we correct for this self-token evidence to estimate how well each token is supported by the prompt and the remaining draft. Aggregating these estimates yields a cavity energy computed in one forward pass, without an additional scoring model. Each round proposes a revision, reads the completed candidate in its revised context, and retains it only if its energy is lower. Across Countdown, Sudoku-Extreme, and Maze-Hard, our method outperforms autoregressive and discrete diffusion baselines. With 6M parameters, DRLM reaches 44.4% on Countdown-5 and 93.9% on Sudoku-Extreme. The results establish complete-draft parallel refinement as an effective alternative to reverse diffusion for complex reasoning.
Related papers
- MAVEN-T: Reinforced Heterogeneous Distillation for Real-Time Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
- Model Discovery Agent: LLM-assisted Bayesian experiment design for data-efficient discovery of mechanistic world models
- Agents' Last Exam
- The Clinician's Veto: Navigating Trust, Liability, and Uncertainty in Autonomous AI Prescribing
- MindHelper: Closed-Loop Embodied Mental-State Reasoning for Precision Intervention
- Incumbent Advantage: Brand Bias and Cognitive Manipulation Dynamics in LLM Recommendation Systems