The coordinated radio and infrared survey for high-mass star formation - VI. Higher-resolution follow-up of point-like northern ultra-compact H II regions

The CORNISH survey provided the most complete sample of ultra-compact H II (UCHII) regions in the northern Galactic plane to date, but at its 1.5 arcsec resolution the most compact, and plausibly youngest, members of the sample could not be morphologically classified. We present Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) A-configuration observations at 10 GHz of 69 such CORNISH UCHII regions, reaching an angular resolution of 0.2-0.3 arcsec and a typical rms noise of 10 microJy/beam. All but two of the imaged targets are detected; the two non-detections lie in fields that are dynamic-range limited by bright neighbours. Six targets (9 per cent) are resolved into pairs of sources, and a further 15 CORNISH UCHII regions detected within the fields reveal complex, multi-component structure. We also report candidate massive young stellar object (MYSO) jet knots and a row of three compact sources coincident with a previously unresolved infrared-dark H II region. The targets have a median deconvolved angular diameter of 0.9 arcsec and physical diameters of 0.004-0.17 pc (median 0.03 pc), with no correlation between angular size and distance, consistent with a population of intrinsically compact, young regions. Spectral indices between 1.4 and 10 GHz place 32 per cent of the targets below the thermal free-free limit, possibly indicating non-thermal emission or variability. These data enable morphological classification of nearly the entire CORNISH UCHII sample, which will be presented in a forthcoming paper.