Wieszcz-XIX: A 3.1-Billion-Word Corpus of Pre-1918 Polish and Temporally Bounded Language Models Trained From Scratch

arXiv:2610.10592 · cs.CL, cs.DL · Submitted 2026-10-06 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.DL

Submitted: 2026-10-06

Updated: 2026-10-06

Code: https://github.com/SKocur/wieszcz-xix

Terminology

• Provenance — 9× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Tokenization — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmark — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Embeddings — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing — 3× in this paper
• Fidelity — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Hallucination — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics — 2× in this paper
• Scaling Laws — 2× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Accountability — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adaptation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Calibration — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• European Language Resources Association — 1× in this paper
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Generative Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• International Conference on Learning Representations — 1× in this paper
• LLM judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Regularization — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Transfer Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 10 episodes
• Transformer Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• DeepSeek-V4: Towards Highly Efficient Million-Token Context Intelligence
• The Pile: An 800GB Dataset of Diverse Text for Language Modeling
• Chronologically Consistent Large Language Models
• Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models
• PLLuM: A Family of Polish Large Language Models
• A Language Model from 1913: Pretraining on Historical Text
• Bielik v3 Small: Technical Report
• Bielik 7B v0.1: A Polish Language Model -- Development, Insights, and Evaluation
• Apertus: Democratizing Open and Compliant LLMs for Global Language Environments
• GLU Variants Improve Transformer
• LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models

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