Precision over Scale: A Polish-Silesian Benchmark and a Translation System Outperforming Open-Source and Commercial Models

arXiv:2610.01082 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-10-01 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-10-01

Updated: 2026-10-03

Terminology

• Benchmark — 23× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adam — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adaptation — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Fine-Tuning — 3× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Transfer Learning — 2× in this paper · explained in 10 episodes
• Alignment — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Cosine Similarity — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Embeddings — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing — 1× in this paper
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Generative Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Hallucination — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Low-Resource Languages — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Prompt Engineering — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Robustness — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Transformer — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• QLoRA: Efficient Finetuning of Quantized LLMs
• Beyond English-Centric Multilingual Machine Translation
• Language-agnostic BERT Sentence Embedding
• TranslateGemma Technical Report
• PLLuM: A Family of Polish Large Language Models
• MADLAD-400: A Multilingual And Document-Level Large Audited Dataset
• EuroLLM-9B: Technical Report
• Bielik 11B v3: Multilingual Large Language Model for European Languages
• HPLT 3.0: Very Large-Scale Multilingual Resources for LLMs and MT. Mono- and Bi-lingual Data, Multilingual Evaluation, and Pre-Trained Models
• A Call for Clarity in Reporting BLEU Scores
• CCMatrix: Mining Billions of High-Quality Parallel Sentences on the WEB
• OpenAI GPT-5 System Card
• No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation
• BOUQuET: dataset, Benchmark and Open initiative for Universal Quality Evaluation in Translation
• Google's Neural Machine Translation System: Bridging the Gap between Human and Machine Translation

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