Where's Waldo? Query-language Preference under Cross-lingual Knowledge Disparities

arXiv:2610.00606 · cs.CL, cs.AI · Submitted 2026-09-30 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.AI

Submitted: 2026-09-30

Updated: 2026-09-30

Code: https://github.com/assafelovic/gpt-researcher

Terminology

• Ablation — 13× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmark — 11× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• RAG — 8× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Alignment — 7× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adam — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• F1 Score — 5× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Generative AI — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Perplexity — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Robustness — 4× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Adaptation — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Cosine Similarity — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Hallucination — 2× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Query-language Preference Head Ablation — 2× in this paper
• Verification — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Abstention — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Abundance — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• AdamW Optimizer — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Core — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Embeddings — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Grounding — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• In-Context Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Interpretability — 1× in this paper · explained in 15 episodes
• LLM judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Paper Review — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Quantization — 1× in this paper · explained in 12 episodes
• Regularization — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Representation Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Sparsity — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Tokenization — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Visual Grounding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• alpha — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode

Sources

• DRAGged into Conflicts: Detecting and Addressing Conflicting Sources in Search-Augmented LLMs
• Aya Expanse: Combining Research Breakthroughs for a New Multilingual Frontier
• Towards Ecologically Valid Research on Language User Interfaces
• DeepSeek-V4: Towards Highly Efficient Million-Token Context Intelligence
• When Languages Disagree: Self-Evolving Multilingual LLM Judges
• ECLeKTic: a Novel Challenge Set for Evaluation of Cross-Lingual Knowledge Transfer
• The Llama 3 Herd of Models
• xCOMET: Transparent Machine Translation Evaluation through Fine-grained Error Detection
• LAMAR: An Open Language-Aware Multilingual Alignment Reranker
• MultiLoKo: a multilingual local knowledge benchmark for LLMs spanning 31 languages
• MLAIRE: Multilingual Language-Aware Information Retrieval Evaluation Protocal
• Considerations for Multilingual Wikipedia Research
• Your Large Vision-Language Model Only Needs A Few Attention Heads For Visual Grounding
• Formality is Favored: Unraveling the Learning Preferences of Large Language Models on Data with Conflicting Knowledge
• Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization
• GPT-4o System Card
• Language Model Tokenizers Introduce Unfairness Between Languages
• Not All Languages are Equal: Insights into Multilingual Retrieval-Augmented Generation
• Qwen3 Technical Report
• When Abundance Conceals Weakness: Knowledge Conflict in Multilingual Models

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