It's Not What the Image Shows: Irrelevant Context Destabilises VLM Judges Without Informing Them

arXiv:2609.37863 · cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.CV · Submitted 2026-09-29 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.CV

Submitted: 2026-09-29

Updated: 2026-09-29

Terminology

• Accuracy — 8× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 4× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Figurative and Literal — 3× in this paper
• Fully Figurative — 3× in this paper
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Benchmark — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• LLM judge — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Weak Figurative — 2× in this paper
• Annotator Agreement — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Chain-of-Thought (CoT) — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Chain-of-Thought Prompting — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Filler Tokens — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Vision-Language Models (VLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes

Sources

• MLLM-as-a-Judge: Assessing Multimodal LLM-as-a-Judge with Vision-Language Benchmark
• Gemma 3 Technical Report
• InternVL3.5: Advancing Open-Source Multimodal Models in Versatility, Reasoning, and Efficiency
• Kimi-VL Technical Report
• GPT-4o System Card
• Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report
• Qwen3-VL Technical Report
• Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolution

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