Similar Choices, Different Attention: Cross-Modal Associations in Humans and Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2609.36475 · cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.CV · Submitted 2026-09-29 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.CV

Submitted: 2026-09-29

Updated: 2026-09-29

Terminology

• Alignment — 43× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Fine-Tuning — 15× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Consistency — 10× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Accuracy — 7× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Generative Model — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative Models — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative AI — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 4× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Calibration — 3× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Generalization — 2× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Grounding — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• LoRA Adapters — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Regularization — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Transformer — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Calibration Failure — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition — 1× in this paper
• Cosine Similarity — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Diffusion Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Diffusion Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Embeddings — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision — 1× in this paper
• Latent Diffusion Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Latent Diffusion Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Semantic Understanding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Visual Grounding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Qwen3-VL Technical Report
• Molmo2: Open Weights and Data for Vision-Language Models with Video Understanding and Grounding
• Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models
• Gemma 4 Technical Report
• Do Language Models Associate Sound with Meaning? A Multimodal Study of Sound Symbolism
• SigLIP 2: Multilingual Vision-Language Encoders with Improved Semantic Understanding, Localization, and Dense Features

Related papers

• Exploring Solution Divergence and Its Effect on Large Language Model Problem Solving
• Ishigaki-IDS-Bench: A Benchmark for Generating Information Delivery Specification from BIM Information Requirements
• Subliminal Steering: Stronger Encoding of Hidden Signals
• MedStruct-S: A Benchmark for Key Discovery, Key-Conditioned QA and Semi-Structured Extraction from OCR Clinical Reports
• The End of Transformers? On Challenging Attention and the Rise of Sub-Quadratic Architectures
• Untangling the Mechanisms of Misleading Context in Medical Question Answering