Over-Personalization Is a Decision Failure: Generation-Induced Apply Bias in LLMs

arXiv:2609.34284 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-09-28 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-09-28

Updated: 2026-09-30

Terminology

• AUROC — 22× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• AUC — 19× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Personalization — 18× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmark — 17× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 10× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Linear probe — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Trace — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation — 6× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Signal Detection Theory — 6× in this paper
• Preference Fulfillment Rate — 4× in this paper
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Apply Recall — 2× in this paper
• Benchmarking — 2× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Decode — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Decoupling — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Error Decomposition — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Suppress Recall — 2× in this paper
• Sycophancy — 2× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Test-time Scaling — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation Studies — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Ablation study — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Core — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative AI — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Hallucination — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• LLM judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Preference Leakage Rate — 1× in this paper
• Selectivity Score — 1× in this paper
• Thinking mode — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Verification — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• gpt-oss-120b & gpt-oss-20b Model Card
• How Does Personalized Memory Shape LLM Behavior? Benchmarking Rational Preference Utilization in Personalized Assistants
• OP-Bench: Benchmarking Over-Personalization for Memory-Augmented Personalized Conversational Agents
• CUPID: Evaluating Personalized and Contextualized Alignment of LLMs from Interactions
• Ministral 3
• How RLHF Amplifies Sycophancy
• Gemma 4 Technical Report
• BenchPreS: A Benchmark for Context-Aware Personalized Preference Selectivity of Persistent-Memory LLMs

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