Artificial intelligences and human scientists exhibit complementary strengths in theory building

arXiv:2609.32562 · cs.AI, cs.CY, cs.HC · Submitted 2026-09-26 · Read on arXiv

cs.AI, cs.CY, cs.HC

Submitted: 2026-09-26

Updated: 2026-09-26

Code: https://github.com/KeLiChloe/human-ai-theorybuilding

Project page: https://kelichloe.github.io/human-ai-semantic-network/index.html

Terminology

• Accuracy — 67× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmark — 37× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Core — 24× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Aggregation — 22× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Cosine Similarity — 10× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Embeddings — 9× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative AI — 8× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Alignment — 6× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Clustering — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• AUC — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Causal Reasoning — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Evaluation Dimensions — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Regularization — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• AI Agents — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accountability — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adaptability — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adaptation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Calibration — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Contextual Understanding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ensemble Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• F1 Score — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Feature Selection — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Generalizability — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Homogeneity — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Homogenization — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Multi-Agent System — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Open Science Framework — 1× in this paper
• Parsimony — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Provenance — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes

Sources

• auto-psych: Automating the science of mind using agent-driven theory discovery and experimentation
• Closing the Loop to Discover Psychological Theories with an Automated Cognitive Scientist
• LLM Meets Diffusion: A Hybrid Framework for Crystal Material Generation
• Toward an automated science of the mind
• Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context

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