Breaking the Black Box: Byte-Level Boundary Inference of Real-World Antivirus Systems

arXiv:2609.31012 · cs.CR · Submitted 2026-09-25 · Read on arXiv

cs.CR

Submitted: 2026-09-25

Updated: 2026-09-25

Terminology

• Boundary Region — 24× in this paper
• Robustness — 9× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Accuracy — 7× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Byte-Level AV Boundary Dataset — 7× in this paper
• Ablation — 6× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Fidelity — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Boundary Prediction Recall — 4× in this paper
• Adversarial Attacks — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Downstream Tasks — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Security and Privacy — 3× in this paper
• Ablation study — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adversarial Examples — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmark — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Boundary Prediction Precision — 2× in this paper
• Boundary Region Coverage Ratio — 2× in this paper
• Core — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Data Augmentation — 2× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• F1 Score — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning — 2× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Active Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Adversarial Training — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Attention Mechanism — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Dynamic Weighting — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Feature Extraction — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fingerprinting — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Loss Function — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Semi-supervised Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Sparsity — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Transformer — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Verification — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• SOREL-20M: A Large Scale Benchmark Dataset for Malicious PE Detection
• Learning to Evade Static PE Machine Learning Malware Models via Reinforcement Learning

Related papers

• SoK: AI-Augmented Binary Reversing
• Relaxed Sender Anonymity for CBDC Interbank Settlement: A Zero-Knowledge Approach on Permissioned EVM
• Calibration-Family Overfit: Why Trusted Sabotage Monitors Don't Transfer Across Lineages
• Efficient Fuzzy PSI under One-Sided Assumptions
• Sealing the Audit-Runtime Gap for LLM Skills
• Token Composition: A Graph Based on EVM Logs