Benchmarking Arabic--Russian Machine Translation: A Comparison of Fine-tuned NMT and Few-shot LLMs under Rich Morphology and Low Lexical Overlap

arXiv:2609.29559 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-08-26 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-08-26

Updated: 2026-08-26

Terminology

• Fine-Tuning — 12× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Benchmark — 11× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adaptation — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• European Language Resources Association — 3× in this paper
• Low-Resource Languages — 3× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Tokenization — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmarking — 2× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Pairwise Comparisons — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Adam — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Embeddings — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Error Taxonomy — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Failure Modes — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Hallucination — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Instruction Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Quantization — 1× in this paper · explained in 12 episodes
• Semantic Similarity — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer Architecture — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Bridging Scientific Heritage: An Arabic--Russian Parallel Corpus and LLM Benchmark for Sustainable Knowledge Transfer
• A Systematic Benchmark of Machine Transliteration Models for the Tajik-Farsi Language Pair: A Comparative Study from Rule-Based to Transformer Architectures
• Adapting Large Language Models to a Low-Resource Agglutinative Language: A Comparative Study of LoRA and QLoRA for Bashkir
• No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation
• Critical Survey of the Freely Available Arabic Corpora

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