From Policy Documents to Structured Survey Responses: Evaluating Large Language Models for Policy Monitoring

arXiv:2609.29370 · cs.CL, cs.AI · Submitted 2026-09-24 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.AI

Submitted: 2026-09-24

Updated: 2026-09-24

Terminology

• Policy Instruments — 14× in this paper
• In-Context Learning — 12× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 5× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• F1 Score — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Policy Target Groups — 4× in this paper
• RAG — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Actor — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Alignment — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Consistency — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Redundancy — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Hallucination — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Science Technology and Innovation — 2× in this paper
• Accountability — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Aggregation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Attention Mechanism — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmark — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmarking — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Core — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Downstream Tasks — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) — 1× in this paper · explained in 16 episodes
• Sparse Attention — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Transformer — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• alpha — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode

Sources

• Self-RAG: Learning to Retrieve, Generate, and Critique through Self-Reflection
• The Llama 3 Herd of Models
• A Survey on LLM-as-a-Judge
• Which is better? Exploring Prompting Strategy For LLM-based Metrics
• LLMs-as-Judges: A Comprehensive Survey on LLM-based Evaluation Methods
• G-Eval: NLG Evaluation using GPT-4 with Better Human Alignment
• RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach
• GPT-4o System Card
• Learning to Plan & Reason for Evaluation with Thinking-LLM-as-a-Judge
• Large Language Models for Data Annotation and Synthesis: A Survey

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