Med-AR: Autoregressive Vision-Language Pretraining for Long-Tailed Chest X-Ray Classification and Uncertainty-Aware Evaluation

arXiv:2609.29156 · cs.CV, cs.AI · Submitted 2026-09-24 · Read on arXiv

cs.CV, cs.AI

Submitted: 2026-09-24

Updated: 2026-09-24

Terminology

• Benchmark — 34× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Alignment — 9× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Foundation Model — 7× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 6× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Representation Learning — 6× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Calibration — 5× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• CVF International Conference on Computer Vision — 4× in this paper
• Ablation — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Embeddings — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Grounding — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Transformer — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• AI Foundation Model — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adaptation — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition — 2× in this paper
• Conformal Prediction — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Consistency — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Data Augmentation — 2× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Epistemic Uncertainty — 2× in this paper · explained in 9 episodes
• Foundation Models — 2× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Uncertainty Quantification — 2× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Aleatoric Uncertainty — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Contextual Understanding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Contrastive Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Data Provenance — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Decision Risk — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Decoupling — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Failure Modes — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Instance Segmentation — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Large Language Model (LLM) — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Loss Function — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Meta-learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Prompt Engineering — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Provenance — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Quantifying Uncertainty — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Unified Framework — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Visual Grounding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• CheXpert: A Large Chest Radiograph Dataset with Uncertainty Labels and Expert Comparison
• SimVLM: Simple Visual Language Model Pretraining with Weak Supervision
• Enhancing disease detection in radiology reports through fine-tuning lightweight LLM on weak labels
• Qwen3 Technical Report
• BiomedCLIP: a multimodal biomedical foundation model pretrained from fifteen million scientific image-text pairs

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