A Newly Discovered VVVX Star Cluster Surfing the Galactic Disk
astro-ph.GA
Submitted: 2026-09-21
Updated: 2026-09-21
Comments: 14 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: We report the discovery of Garro 04, a previously unidentified stellar cluster toward the Galactic disc, uncovered as part of the ESO/KMOS VVVX-GalCen Spectroscopic Survey.
Terminology
Abstract
We report the discovery of Garro 04, a previously unidentified stellar cluster toward the Galactic disc, uncovered as part of the ESO/KMOS VVVX-GalCen Spectroscopic Survey. This object was serendipitously confirmed as a stellar overdensity in the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea eXtended (VVVX) survey footprint and subsequently confirmed through medium-resolution K-band spectroscopy obtained with the K-band Multi Object Spectrograph (KMOS) at the ESO Very Large Telescope. The combined photometric and spectroscopic analysis reveals a coherent stellar population with common radial velocities and chemical properties, supporting its classification as a genuine star cluster rather than a statistical fluctuation of the disk field. We derive the fundamental properties of Garro 04, including its structural parameters, distance, kinematics, and compute its orbital properties, finding that its motion remains confined to the Galactic disk region. Finally, our analysis suggests that Garro 04 is likely an old open cluster, or an object straddling the boundary between the canonical globular and open cluster classifications, with an estimated Age = 5 plus or minus 2 Gyr and a metallicity of[Fe/H] = -0.5 plus or minus 0.2, finding an excellent agreement between the photometric and spectroscopic determinations.
Sources
- Tracing the Early Milky Way with Globular Clusters: The Diagnostic Power of Neutron-Capture Elements
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