Accelerating Dense LLMs via L0-regularized Mixture-of-Experts

arXiv:2609.21672 · cs.AI, cs.CL · Submitted 2026-09-18 · Read on arXiv

cs.AI, cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-09-18

Updated: 2026-09-18

Journal ref: Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2025

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The gist: Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance but suffer from slow and costly inference.

Terminology

Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance but suffer from slow and costly inference. Existing acceleration methods often lead to noticeable performance degradation, while Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models require extensive computational resources. In this paper, we propose L0-MoE, a lightweight MoE approach using L0-regularization to accelerate dense LLMs nearly without performance loss. Our method introduces a cluster confusion matrix for domain-aware dataset curation and applies dynamic batching for efficient training. Experiments show that L0-MoE achieves up to 2.5x speedup over dense models while maintaining competitive performance, outperforming existing LLM acceleration baselines.

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