GVPO++: Group Variance Policy Optimization for LLM Post-Training and On-Policy Distillation

arXiv:2609.21432 · cs.AI, cs.LG · Submitted 2026-09-18 · Read on arXiv

cs.AI, cs.LG

Submitted: 2026-09-18

Updated: 2026-09-18

Comments: Extended version of the NeurIPS 2025 paper "GVPO: Group Variance Policy Optimization for Large Language Model Post-Training"

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Distillation — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• On-Policy Distillation — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Group Variance Policy Optimization — 2× in this paper
• Adaptability — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• GRPO — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Theoretical Guarantees — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

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