How Far Can Sub-3B Open Language Models Go in Zero-Shot Essay Scoring on an 8 GB Consumer GPU?

arXiv:2609.20250 · cs.LG · Submitted 2026-07-29 · Read on arXiv

cs.LG

Submitted: 2026-07-29

Updated: 2026-07-29

Comments: 15 pages, 4 figures

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Aggregation — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Calibration — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• LLM judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Related papers

• Polynomial-Augmented Neural Networks (PANNs) with Weak Orthogonality Constraints for Enhanced Function and PDE Approximation
• AIRL-S: Unifying Reinforcement Learning and Search-Based Test-Time Scaling via Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learning
• Transformers as Bayesian In-Context Experimenters: Smoothness-Adaptive Efficient ATE Estimation
• Convergence issues in Relational Concept Analysis based on AOC-posets
• Beliefs Beyond Posteriors: Local-Consistency Optimisation for Bayesian Neural Networks
• Understanding Diffusion Models via Ratio-Based Function Approximation with SignReLU Networks