Federated stochastic bilevel optimization with fully first-order gradients

arXiv:2609.16350 · cs.LG · Submitted 2026-09-14 · Read on arXiv

cs.LG

Submitted: 2026-09-14

Updated: 2026-09-14

Comments: Accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2025). The official version is available at https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2025/784

Journal ref: In Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2025) (pp. 7047-7055)

DOI: 10.24963/ijcai.2025/784

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Loss Function — 16× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 13× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Federated Learning — 5× in this paper · explained in 15 episodes
• Representation Learning — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmark — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Meta-learning — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Model-Agnostic — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Regularization — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Actor — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Adaptation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Convergence Guarantees — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Sample Complexity — 1× in this paper · explained in 15 episodes

Sources

• Tighter Analysis of Alternating Stochastic Gradient Method for Stochastic Nested Problems
• Near-Optimal Nonconvex-Strongly-Convex Bilevel Optimization with Fully First-Order Oracles
• SPABA: A Single-Loop and Probabilistic Stochastic Bilevel Algorithm Achieving Optimal Sample Complexity
• A framework for bilevel optimization that enables stochastic and global variance reduction algorithms
• On the Convergence of Momentum-Based Algorithms for Federated Bilevel Optimization Problems
• Approximation Methods for Bilevel Programming
• A Two-Timescale Framework for Bilevel Optimization: Complexity Analysis and Application to Actor-Critic
• Achieving Linear Speedup in Non-IID Federated Bilevel Learning
• On the Complexity of First-Order Methods in Stochastic Bilevel Optimization
• DARTS: Differentiable Architecture Search

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