What Output-Equivalence Oracles Miss: An Empirical Study of Equivalence-Invisible Bug Fixes in Quantum Transpilers

arXiv:2609.13839 · quant-ph, cs.SE · Submitted 2026-09-12 · Read on arXiv

quant-ph, cs.SE

Submitted: 2026-09-12

Updated: 2026-09-22

Code: https://github.com/furqan-nr/quantumobservability

Terminology

• Verification — 8× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 6× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Benchmark — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 5× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Transformer — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative AI — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Provenance — 2× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• alpha — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering — 1× in this paper
• Abstraction — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adaptation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Ontology — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Quantum Circuits — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• SIGPLAN Conf Programming Language Design and Implementation — 1× in this paper
• SIGSOFT Intl Symp Foundations of Software Engineering — 1× in this paper
• Trace — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• CertiQ: A Mostly-automated Verification of a Realistic Quantum Compiler
• Characterizing Bugs and Quality Attributes in Quantum Software: A Large-Scale Empirical Study
• Bugs in Quantum Computing Platforms: An Empirical Study
• Quantum computing with Qiskit
• QITE: Assembly-Level, Cross-Platform Testing of Quantum Computing Platforms

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