Aarmed with Data: Bumps, Outflows, and Disk-like Emission in TDE 2025aarm
astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.GA
Submitted: 2026-09-09
Updated: 2026-09-17
Comments: Submitted to ApJ
Code: https://github.com/svalenti/FLOYDS
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: The origin of the optical emission in tidal disruption events (TDEs) remains one of the major outstanding questions in the field, in part due to the limited number of nearby events with high-cadence
Terminology
Abstract
The origin of the optical emission in tidal disruption events (TDEs) remains one of the major outstanding questions in the field, in part due to the limited number of nearby events with high-cadence monitoring to track their evolving photometric and spectroscopic properties. We present multi-wavelength observations of the nearby (z=0.01368) TDE,2025aarm, including near-daily spectroscopic coverage prior to the optical peak. Its proximity makes it one of the brightest TDEs discovered, reaching a peak magnitude of m r about15.5 (M r about-18). The light curve deviates from a smooth evolution, exhibiting multiple rebrightening episodes visible in both the individual filter light curves and the bolometric luminosity. Blackbody modelling reveals that these rebrightenings are associated with an increase in temperature of > 5,000-10,000,K, while the inferred photospheric radius remains approximately constant. Simultaneously, the H α line not only increases in blueshift but also broadens, suggesting a link between the continuum rebrightenings to changes in the kinematics of the line-forming gas. We identify a persistent absorption component at about-3900,km,s-1 in multiple Balmer lines, providing further evidence for outflowing material. The H α profile also exhibits excess flux compared to a Gaussian on both sides of the line, inconsistent with simple scattering-dominated outflow models. Disk-profile modelling provides evidence for the emergence of a disk-like component least about20 days after peak, with substantial changes in the disk properties between about50 and 60 days. These observations highlight the complexity of TDE emission processes and demonstrate how dense multi-wavelength monitoring can disentangle the roles of accretion, reprocessing, and outflows in shaping TDE emission.
Sources
- AT2025agpz in Rubin commissioning data: distinguishing a luminous interacting supernova from nuclear transients in compact galaxies
- Low-hard to high-soft spectral state transitions in the faintest early-X-ray-detected optical tidal disruption event TDE 2025aarm
- AT 2022csn: A Photometrically Peculiar Optical/UV Tidal Disruption Event in a Type II AGN
- The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys
- FEADME: Fast Elliptical Accretion Disk Modeling Engine
- A universal critical accretion rate for black hole jet formation
- Automatic Posterior Transformation for Likelihood-Free Inference
- Early emission characterization of TDE 2025aarm
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