FiMI Banking: A Sovereign Model for Indian Retail Banking

arXiv:2609.03960 · cs.AI, cs.CL · Submitted 2026-09-03 · Read on arXiv

cs.AI, cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-09-03

Updated: 2026-09-03

Terminology

• Benchmark — 24× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• GRPO — 14× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning — 11× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Decode — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Alignment — 4× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Grounding — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• RAG — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Reward Hacking — 3× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Actor — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Archetype — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Consistency — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Failure Modes — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Provenance — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Synthetic Data Generation — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Verifiable Rewards — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Calibration — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Core — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Evaluation Dimensions — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• KV cache — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Scaffolding — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• State Management — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Trace — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Verification — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Verifier — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• FiMI: A Domain-Specific Language Model for Indian Finance Ecosystem
• Gemma 4 Technical Report
• $\tau$-bench: A Benchmark for Tool-Agent-User Interaction in Real-World Domains
• $\tau^2$-Bench: Evaluating Conversational Agents in a Dual-Control Environment
• Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Model
• DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models
• BloombergGPT: A Large Language Model for Finance
• FinGPT: Open-Source Financial Large Language Models
• PIXIU: A Large Language Model, Instruction Data and Evaluation Benchmark for Finance
• DISC-FinLLM: A Chinese Financial Large Language Model based on Multiple Experts Fine-tuning
• Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone
• Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size
• Qwen2 Technical Report
• APIGen-MT: Agentic Pipeline for Multi-Turn Data Generation via Simulated Agent-Human Interplay
• SPASM: Stable Persona-driven Agent Simulation for Multi-turn Dialogue Generation
• State-Grounded Multi-Agent Synthetic Data Generation for Tool-Augmented LLMs
• GenesisFunc: Multi-Agent Data Generation for Accurate and Generalizable Function-Calling
• Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences
• Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback
• RS-DPO: A Hybrid Rejection Sampling and Direct Preference Optimization Method for Alignment of Large Language Models

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