Beyond the Trust Boundary: A Critical Reassessment of the FIDO2 Threat Model

arXiv:2609.03789 · cs.CR, cs.ET · Submitted 2026-09-03 · Read on arXiv

cs.CR, cs.ET

Submitted: 2026-09-03

Updated: 2026-09-03

Code: https://github.com/w3c/webextensions

Project page: https://frankmorgner.github.io/vsmartcard

Terminology

• Relying Party — 18× in this paper
• Verification — 6× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Core — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Actor — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Client to Authenticator Protocol — 3× in this paper
• Fingerprinting — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Artificial Intelligence and Robotics — 1× in this paper
• Provenance — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes

Sources

• A Security and Usability Analysis of Local Attacks Against FIDO2
• An Analysis of Attack Vectors Against FIDO2 Authentication
• Challenges with Passwordless FIDO2 in an Enterprise Setting: A Usability Study

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