Privacy Washing: Detecting Internal Contradictions in Privacy Policies

arXiv:2609.02055 · cs.CY, cs.CL · Submitted 2026-09-02 · Read on arXiv

cs.CY, cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-09-02

Updated: 2026-09-02

Code: https://github.com/Varitas-Foundation/privacy-washing

Terminology

• Verification — 15× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 12× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Semantic Similarity — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 6× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Ablation — 5× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• LLM judge — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics — 5× in this paper
• California Privacy Rights Act — 4× in this paper
• Embeddings — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Failure Modes — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Provenance — 4× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security — 3× in this paper
• Actor — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Alignment — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmark — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Cosine Similarity — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Knowledge Graph — 2× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Knowledge graphs — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Natural Language Inference (NLI) — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Self-consistency — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accountability — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adam — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Aggregation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment Methods — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Annotator Agreement — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Arbiter — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Commentary — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generalizability — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Grounding — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act — 1× in this paper
• In IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference — 1× in this paper
• In International Conference on Learning Representations — 1× in this paper
• Iterative Refinement — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Open Privacy Policy Taxonomy — 1× in this paper
• Perplexity — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Robustness — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Selection Bias — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Systematic Bias — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes

Sources

• Jurisdiction as Structural Barrier: How Privacy Policy Organization May Reduce Visibility of Substantive Disclosures
• Detecting Greenwashing: A Natural Language Processing Literature Survey
• PolicyLR: A Logic Representation For Privacy Policies
• Explainable Compliance Detection with Multi-Hop Natural Language Inference on Assurance Case Structure
• Replacing Judges with Juries: Evaluating LLM Generations with a Panel of Diverse Models

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