Investigating Linear Probe Robustness to Linguistic Register, Medical Specialty, and Corpus Shifts in Medical QA

arXiv:2609.01361 · cs.CL, cs.LG · Submitted 2026-09-01 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.LG

Submitted: 2026-09-01

Updated: 2026-09-01

Code: https://github.com/mnishant2/MedProbe_release

Terminology

• AUROC — 121× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Calibration — 20× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Fidelity — 16× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Perplexity — 16× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Benchmark — 14× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Linear probe — 11× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 10× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Robustness — 9× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Consistency — 6× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Self-consistency — 6× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Expected Calibration Error — 2× in this paper
• Fine-Tuning — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Hallucination — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Ablation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Failure Modes — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Hallucination Detection — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• In International Conference on Learning Representations — 1× in this paper
• Interpretability — 1× in this paper · explained in 15 episodes
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Large Language Model (LLM) — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• LoRA Adapters — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes

Sources

• The Llama 3 Herd of Models
• LLM Knowledge is Brittle: Truthfulness Representations Rely on Superficial Resemblance
• Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know
• Real-Time Detection of Hallucinated Entities in Long-Form Generation
• Qwen2.5 Technical Report
• Gemma 3 Technical Report
• Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

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