Bekenstein--Hod Bound: A 3.3 sigma Confirmation from GW250114

arXiv:2608.31039 · gr-qc, astro-ph.HE · Submitted 2026-08-31 · Read on arXiv

gr-qc, astro-ph.HE

Submitted: 2026-08-31

Updated: 2026-08-31

Comments: 9 pages, 2 figures, 1 table

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Consistency — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Bayesian Inference — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Benchmark — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Trace — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Verification — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Universal Bound on Dynamical Relaxation Times and Black-Hole Quasinormal Ringing
• Quasinormal resonances of near-extremal Kerr-Newman black holes
• Black-hole quasinormal resonances: Wave analysis versus a geometric-optics approximation
• The Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole with the fastest relaxation rate
• Universal Bound on Dynamical Relaxation Time from Condition for Relaxing Quantity to be Classical
• Near-Extreme Black Holes and the Universal Relaxation Bound
• Quasinormal modes of nearly extremal Kerr spacetimes: spectrum bifurcation and power-law ringdown
• Quasi-Normal Modes of Stars and Black Holes
• Quasinormal modes of black holes and black branes
• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• Properties of the Binary Black Hole Merger GW150914
• Tests of general relativity with GW150914
• Empirical tests of the black hole no-hair conjecture using gravitational-wave observations
• Observational Black Hole Spectroscopy: A time-domain multimode analysis of GW150914
• Testing the no-hair theorem with GW150914
• Black hole ringdown: the importance of overtones
• Ringdown overtones, black hole spectroscopy, and no-hair theorem tests
• Spectroscopy of binary black hole ringdown using overtones and angular modes
• Revisiting non-linearity in binary black hole mergers
• Effect of Noise Estimation in Time-Domain Ringdown Analysis: A Case Study with GW150914

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