More Capable, Less Faithful: A Multilingual Analysis of Mathematical (Un)Solvability Detection in LLMs

arXiv:2608.30463 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-08-31 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-08-31

Updated: 2026-08-31

Terminology

• Solvability Belief — 19× in this paper
• Abstention — 15× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmark — 11× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• AUC — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• LLM judge — 6× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Trace — 6× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Reasoning Traces — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Adaptation — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Benchmarking — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Chain-of-Thought (CoT) — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Commentary — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Core — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Hallucination — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes

Sources

• The Llama 3 Herd of Models
• Answering the Unanswerable Is to Err Knowingly: Analyzing and Mitigating Abstention Failures in Large Reasoning Models
• Confidence is Not Competence
• Long Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Across Languages
• Breaking Language Barriers in Multilingual Mathematical Reasoning: Insights and Observations
• Knowledge Knows, Verbalization Tells: Disentangling Latent Directions for Mathematical Solvability in LLMs
• MGSM-Pro: A Simple Strategy for Robust Multilingual Mathematical Reasoning Evaluation
• Qwen3 Technical Report
• ReliableMath: Benchmark of Reliable Mathematical Reasoning on Large Language Models

Related papers

• Exploring Solution Divergence and Its Effect on Large Language Model Problem Solving
• Ishigaki-IDS-Bench: A Benchmark for Generating Information Delivery Specification from BIM Information Requirements
• Subliminal Steering: Stronger Encoding of Hidden Signals
• MedStruct-S: A Benchmark for Key Discovery, Key-Conditioned QA and Semi-Structured Extraction from OCR Clinical Reports
• The End of Transformers? On Challenging Attention and the Rise of Sub-Quadratic Architectures
• Untangling the Mechanisms of Misleading Context in Medical Question Answering