JPO: Juris Policy Optimization for Structured Legal Reasoning in Criminal Judgment Prediction

arXiv:2608.29616 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-08-30 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-08-30

Updated: 2026-10-04

Terminology

• Consistency — 90× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Benchmark — 24× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning — 21× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Trace — 21× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation — 10× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Accuracy — 9× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Fine-Tuning — 9× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Juris Policy Optimization — 7× in this paper
• Adaptation — 6× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Calibration — 6× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Grounding — 6× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Reasoning Traces — 6× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Core — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generalization — 5× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Benchmarking — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• In-Context Learning — 4× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Structured Reasoning — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Alignment — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• F1 Score — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• KL Regularization — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Regularization — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Ablation study — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adam — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• AgentAuditor — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Agentic Coding — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Agentic Evaluation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Annotator Agreement — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Chain-of-Thought Prompting — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Contrastive Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Domain Adaptation — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Human-in-the-Loop — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Information Gain — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Latent Representation — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Latent Representations — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Provenance — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• RAG — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Reward Shaping — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Verification — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Qwen Technical Report
• Legal$\Delta$: Enhancing Legal Reasoning in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning with Chain-of-Thought Guided Information Gain
• Seeing Across Views: Benchmarking Spatial Reasoning of Vision-Language Models in Robotic Scenes
• The Llama 3 Herd of Models
• LegalBench: A Collaboratively Built Benchmark for Measuring Legal Reasoning in Large Language Models
• How Order-Sensitive Are LLMs? OrderProbe for Deterministic Structural Reconstruction
• Scaling Policy Compliance Assessment in Language Models with Policy Reasoning Traces
• QuantEval: A Benchmark for Financial Quantitative Tasks in Large Language Models
• Large Language Models are Zero-Shot Reasoners
• Evaluating Legal Reasoning Traces with Legal Issue Tree Rubrics
• VERDICT: Verifiable Evolving Reasoning with Directive-Informed Collegial Teams for Legal Judgment Prediction
• LegalDuet: Learning Fine-grained Representations for Legal Judgment Prediction via a Dual-View Contrastive Learning
• GPT-4 Technical Report
• Qwen2.5 Technical Report
• Mining or Synthesis? Rethinking Exploration Efficiency in Iterative Alignment of Mathematical Reasoning
• Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms
• SPADER: Step-wise Peer Advantage with Diversity-Aware Exploration Rewards for Multi-Answer Question Answering
• PROF: An LLM-based Reward Code Preference Optimization Framework for Offline Imitation Learning
• LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models
• CAIL2018: A Large-Scale Legal Dataset for Judgment Prediction

Related papers

• Exploring Solution Divergence and Its Effect on Large Language Model Problem Solving
• Ishigaki-IDS-Bench: A Benchmark for Generating Information Delivery Specification from BIM Information Requirements
• Subliminal Steering: Stronger Encoding of Hidden Signals
• MedStruct-S: A Benchmark for Key Discovery, Key-Conditioned QA and Semi-Structured Extraction from OCR Clinical Reports
• The End of Transformers? On Challenging Attention and the Rise of Sub-Quadratic Architectures
• Untangling the Mechanisms of Misleading Context in Medical Question Answering