Ladders in Chaos: When, How, (and Perhaps Why) Does Test-Time Scaling Improve LLM Machine Translation

arXiv:2608.28496 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-08-28 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-08-28

Updated: 2026-08-31

Comments: Accepted to Findings of EMNLP 2026

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Test-time Scaling — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Accuracy — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Robustness — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes

Related papers

• Exploring Solution Divergence and Its Effect on Large Language Model Problem Solving
• Ishigaki-IDS-Bench: A Benchmark for Generating Information Delivery Specification from BIM Information Requirements
• Subliminal Steering: Stronger Encoding of Hidden Signals
• MedStruct-S: A Benchmark for Key Discovery, Key-Conditioned QA and Semi-Structured Extraction from OCR Clinical Reports
• The End of Transformers? On Challenging Attention and the Rise of Sub-Quadratic Architectures
• Untangling the Mechanisms of Misleading Context in Medical Question Answering