MoganBert-TR: A Turkish Encoder Foundation Model Trained from Scratch with a CLM-to-MLM Curriculum

arXiv:2608.25768 · cs.CL, cs.AI · Submitted 2026-08-26 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.AI

Submitted: 2026-08-26

Updated: 2026-08-26

Terminology

• Ablation — 20× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmark — 13× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Distillation — 11× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Foundation Model — 9× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Accuracy — 8× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Clustering — 8× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 8× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Anisotropy — 6× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Cosine Similarity — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Verification — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Tokenization — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adaptation — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Aggregation — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Regularization — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Representation Learning — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adam — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Calibration — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Core — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Embeddings — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fisher Information — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Foundation Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Generative Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Knowledge Distillation — 1× in this paper · explained in 11 episodes
• Linear Probing — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Linear probe — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Low-Resource Languages — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Predictive Coding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Scaling Laws — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes

Sources

• Introducing TrGLUE and SentiTurca: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Turkish General Language Understanding and Sentiment Analysis
• Tokenization Standards for Linguistic Integrity: Turkish as a Benchmark
• Should We Still Pretrain Encoders with Masked Language Modeling?
• Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Network
• Developing and Evaluating Tiny to Medium-Sized Turkish BERT Models
• mmBERT: A Modern Multilingual Encoder with Annealed Language Learning
• TurkishBERTweet: Fast and Reliable Large Language Model for Social Media Analysis
• No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation
• FineWeb2: One Pipeline to Scale Them All -- Adapting Pre-Training Data Processing to Every Language
• Qwen3 Embedding: Advancing Text Embedding and Reranking Through Foundation Models
• TabiBERT: A Large-Scale ModernBERT Foundation Model and A Unified Benchmark for Turkish
• Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Coding
• Smarter, Better, Faster, Longer: A Modern Bidirectional Encoder for Fast, Memory Efficient, and Long Context Finetuning and Inference

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