From Triage to Discharge: A Survey of NLP Tasks, Methods, and Open Challenges in the Emergency Department

arXiv:2608.23627 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-08-23 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-08-23

Updated: 2026-08-23

Terminology

• Benchmark — 24× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer — 15× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 12× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Artificial Intelligence — 11× in this paper
• Transfer Learning — 11× in this paper · explained in 10 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning — 9× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 8× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• In-Context Learning — 7× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Alignment — 6× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Hallucination — 6× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• RAG — 6× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• AUC — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adam — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Knowledge Graph — 5× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Benchmarking — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Knowledge graphs — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer Models — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Emergency Severity Index — 3× in this paper
• Explainability — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Adaptation — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Australasian Triage Scale — 2× in this paper
• Calibration — 2× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Embeddings — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Reward Function — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Structured Reasoning — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Core — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Deep Reinforcement Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Foundation Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Foundation Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Grounding — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Instruction Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Meta-learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Perplexity — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning (RL) — 1× in this paper · explained in 25 episodes
• Semantic Similarity — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer Architecture — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Unified Framework — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes

Sources

• Language Models are Few-Shot Learners
• Can large language models reason about medical questions?
• Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models
• TriageSim: A Conversational Emergency Triage Simulation Framework from Structured Electronic Health Records
• ELICITED: EHR-grounded Longitudinal Interactive Conversations for Information-seeking Triage Evaluation and Decision-making

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