LongRCA Bench: Root-Cause Localization in Long-Horizon Agent Trajectories

arXiv:2608.15242 · cs.AI, cs.SE · Submitted 2026-08-15 · Read on arXiv

cs.AI, cs.SE

Submitted: 2026-08-15

Updated: 2026-09-21

Comments: 34 pages, 11 figures. Yunfei Zhang and Boyu Feng contributed equally. Changhua Pei is the corresponding author

Project page: https://longrca-bench.github.io

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Accuracy — 35× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmark — 30× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Verifier — 11× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Trace — 10× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Multi-Agent System — 6× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Provenance — 5× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Verification — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Actor — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Aggregation — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Root-Cause Trajectory Attribution — 3× in this paper
• AI Agents — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Abstention — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Abstraction — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmarking — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Calibration — 2× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Consistency — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Ablation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Agentic System — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Causal Inference — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Failure Modes — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes

Sources

• Where Did It All Go Wrong? A Hierarchical Look into Multi-Agent Error Attribution
• AgentRx: Diagnosing AI Agent Failures from Execution Trajectories
• Why Do Multi-Agent LLM Systems Fail?
• SWE-Bench Pro: Can AI Agents Solve Long-Horizon Software Engineering Tasks?
• TRAIL: Trace Reasoning and Agentic Issue Localization
• Who is Introducing the Failure? Automatically Attributing Failures of Multi-Agent Systems via Spectrum Analysis
• VitaBench: Benchmarking LLM Agents with Versatile Interactive Tasks in Real-world Applications
• Rethinking Failure Attribution in Multi-Agent Systems: A Multi-Perspective Benchmark and Evaluation
• Who&When Pro: Can LLMs Really Attribute Failures in AI Agents?
• Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference
• FALAT: Tracing Failures in LLM Agent Trajectories via Dependency-Guided Search
• TrajAudit: Automated Failure Diagnosis for Agentic Coding Systems
• The Long-Horizon Task Mirage? Diagnosing Where and Why Agentic Systems Break
• From Flat Logs to Causal Graphs: Hierarchical Failure Attribution for LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems
• CORRECT: COndensed eRror RECognition via knowledge Transfer in multi-agent systems
• Failure as a Process: An Anatomy of CLI Coding Agent Trajectories
• SAFARI: Scaling Long Horizon Agentic Fault Attribution via Active Investigation

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