A Galactic intermediate-mass stripped star with a Wolf-Rayet-like wind
Johanna Müller-Horn, Kareem El-Badry, Andreas A. C. Sander, Hans-Walter Rix, Lisa Blomberg, J. J. Hermes, Pranav Nagarajan, Sahar Shahaf, Harim Jin, Dominick M. Rowan, Debasish Dutta, José G. Fernández-Trincado, Ylva Götberg, Ilya Ilyin, Tom Maccarone, José Eduardo Méndez Delgado, Guy S. Stringfellow, Andrew Tkachenko, Jaime I. Villaseñor, Eleonora Zari
astro-ph.SR
Submitted: 2026-08-05
Comments: submitted to A&A, comments welcome, 19 pages, 14 figures
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: Binary interaction in massive stars is expected to produce a large population of intermediate-mass (2 - 8 M) envelope-stripped stars, yet such objects have remained elusive in the Milky Way.
Terminology
Abstract
Binary interaction in massive stars is expected to produce a large population of intermediate-mass (2 - 8 M) envelope-stripped stars, yet such objects have remained elusive in the Milky Way. We report the identification of an unambiguous Galactic example in a short-period (P=5.94 d), double-lined spectroscopic binary, discovered in the SDSS-V Milky Way Mapper survey. The system consists of a rapidly rotating O-type star and a hotter, lower-mass companion, which shows He II and N IV emission lines with large radial velocity variations, revealing its binary nature. Combined orbital constraints and joint spectroscopic and photometric modelling show that the companion is a hot (T about 60 kK), helium-rich star with a mass of 3.2 - 5.8 M, placing it squarely in the intermediate-mass regime and below values typically inferred for classical Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars. The system's short period, negligible eccentricity, and rapidly rotating O-star point to a post-interaction configuration following efficient mass transfer and spin-up of the accretor. Comparison with binary evolution models suggests that the stripped star is observed in a brief inflated phase following mass transfer, which increases its optical flux contribution and facilitates its detection. The inferred mass-loss rate = -6.3 plus or minus 0.1 is in line with mass-loss rates observed for classical WR stars in the Milky Way and exceeds those measured for intermediate-mass stripped stars in the Magellanic Clouds, with the caveat that our target selection is biased towards systems with stronger emission features. As an unambiguous and well-characterised intermediate-mass stripped star, this system provides a key benchmark for models of binary evolution at solar metallicity, stripped-envelope supernova progenitors, and the formation of compact-object binaries.
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