Global 21cm Measurement Calibration Methodology

arXiv:2607.26741 · astro-ph.CO · Submitted 2026-07-29 · Read on arXiv

Martin Bucher, Christian J. Kirkham, Eloy de Lera Acedo, Dirk I. L. de Villiers, Saurabh Pegwal

Laboratoire APC, Université Paris Cité/CNRS · Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory and Kavli Institute for Cosmology, Cambridge, UK · Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory and Kavli Institute for Cosmology, Cambridge, UK · Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa · Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa

astro-ph.CO

Submitted: 2026-07-29

Comments: LaTeX, 7 pages with 4 figures

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Calibration — 38× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• 21-cm signal — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• 21-cm Power Spectrum — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Accuracy — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Analogue-to-Digital Converter — 1× in this paper
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes

Sources

• Representations of Noisy $N$-Ports
• Representation of a Noisy Transmission Line

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