Bridging the Epistemic Gap in the Invisible Internet: Extended Mathematical Modeling and Empirical Characterization of I2P Topology

arXiv:2607.23825 · cs.CR · Submitted 2026-07-26 · Read on arXiv

Siddique Abubakr Muntaka, Jacques Bou Abdo, Liaquat Hossain

cs.CR

Submitted: 2026-07-26

Code: https://github.com/i2p/i2p.i2p

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Extended Mathematical Model — 12× in this paper
• Formal Methods — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Actor — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Alignment — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Redundancy — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Abstraction — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Algorithmic Bias — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Clustering — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Core — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Grounding — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Selection Bias — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Systematic Bias — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Trace — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Virtual Private Servers — 1× in this paper

Sources

• Fifty Shades of Darknet
• Optimizing Anonymity and Efficiency: A Critical Review of Path Selection Strategies in Tor
• Time will Tell: Large-scale De-anonymization of Hidden I2P Services via Live Behavior Alignment (Extended Version)

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