PBH formation and Gravitational Waves as Multi-messenger Signals of First-order Phase Transitions

arXiv:2607.15479 · hep-ph, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.HE · Submitted 2026-07-16 · Read on arXiv

Bhaskar Dutta, Cash Hauptmann, Peisi Huang, Adrian Thompson

hep-ph, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.HE

Submitted: 2026-07-16

Comments: 32 pages, 10 figures

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Phase Transitions — 35× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Abundance — 28× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmark — 13× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Gravitational Lensing — 8× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Domain Walls — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Reheating — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Symmetry Breaking — 5× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Microlensing — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Standard Model — 3× in this paper
• Trace — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Weak Lensing — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• First-Order Transition — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Quantization — 1× in this paper · explained in 12 episodes

Sources

• Constraints on Primordial Black Holes
• PBH formation from overdensities in delayed vacuum transitions
• Primordial Black Holes from Supercooled Phase Transitions
• Primordial black holes from bubble collisions during a first-order phase transition
• Dark Matter as dark dwarfs and other macroscopic objects: multiverse relics?
• Primordial black holes from a cosmic phase transition: The collapse of Fermi-balls
• Fermi-ball dark matter from a first-order phase transition
• Primordial black holes from an electroweak phase transition
• Revisiting formation of primordial black holes in a supercooled first-order phase transition
• Primordial Black Holes at the Junction
• Threshold of primordial black hole formation
• PBH formation from spherically symmetric hydrodynamical perturbations: a review
• Correlated signals of first-order phase transitions and primordial black hole evaporation
• Pinning down the primordial black hole formation mechanism with gamma-rays and gravitational waves
• Primordial Black Holes from First-Order Cosmological Phase Transitions
• Detailed Calculation of Primordial Black Hole Formation During First-Order Cosmological Phase Transitions
• Primordial black holes from Q-balls produced in a first-order phase transition
• The Primordial Black Holes that Disappeared: Connections to Dark Matter and MHz-GHz Gravitational Waves
• Primordial Black Hole Formation and Multimessenger Signals in a Complex Singlet Extension of the Standard Model
• Black holes and gravitational waves from slow phase transitions

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• A Unified Bogoliubov Approach to Primordial Gravitational Waves: From Inflation to Reheating
• Probing Memory-Burdened Primordial Black Holes with High-Energy Neutrinos
• Enhanced Dark Matter Quantum Sensing via Phase-Space Geometric Interferometry
• Axions as Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Dark Radiation