The H 0 world cup. II. A comprehensive competition between proposed Hubble tension solutions

arXiv:2607.13283 · astro-ph.CO, hep-ph · Submitted 2026-07-14 · Read on arXiv

Nils Schöneberg, Vivian Poulin, Angelo G. Ferrari, Fabio Finelli, Julien Lesgourgues, Luca Morelli, Markus R. Mosbech, Ravi Kumar Sharma, Théo Simon

astro-ph.CO, hep-ph

Submitted: 2026-07-14

Comments: 69 pages, 31figures, 16tables

Code: https://github.com/svenguenther/OLE

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Hubble Tension — 51× in this paper · explained in 9 episodes
• ACT Data — 22× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Abundance — 14× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Robustness — 10× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Calibration — 9× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Clustering — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Decoupling — 6× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Degeneracy — 5× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Baryonic Feedback — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Early Modified Gravity — 3× in this paper
• Accuracy — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Dark Radiation Matter Decoupling — 2× in this paper
• Generalization — 2× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Trace — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Anisotropy — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Benchmarking — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Cooperation — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• European Research Council — 1× in this paper
• Fine-Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Momentum transfer — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Primordial Magnetic Fields — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• South Pole Telescope — 1× in this paper

Sources

• Planck 2018 results. I. Overview and the cosmological legacy of Planck
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Power Spectra, Likelihoods and $\Lambda$CDM Parameters
• SPT-3G D1: CMB temperature and polarization power spectra and cosmology from 2019 and 2020 observations of the SPT-3G Main field
• The Local Distance Network: a community consensus report on the measurement of the Hubble constant at 1% precision
• Crowded No More: The Accuracy of the Hubble Constant Tested with High Resolution Observations of Cepheids by JWST
• Combining CMB datasets with consistent foreground modelling
• The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
• Systematic and Statistical Uncertainties in Cepheid PL Relations: Incorporating a Cross-Filter Random-Phase Mitigation Approach
• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Final Maps and Results
• A tale of many $H_0$
• In the Realm of the Hubble tension $-$ a Review of Solutions
• The $H_0$ Olympics: A fair ranking of proposed models
• Early or phantom dark energy, self-interacting, extra, or massive neutrinos, primordial magnetic fields, or a curved universe: An exploration of possible solutions to the $H_0$ and $\sigma_8$ problems
• Review of Hubble tension solutions with new SH0ES and SPT-3G data
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Constraints on Extended Cosmological Models
• Extended Dark Energy analysis using DESI DR2 BAO measurements
• Impact of ACT DR6 and DESI DR2 for Early Dark Energy and the Hubble tension
• Recoupled Dark Radiation reconciling CMB and DESI BAO measurements
• The Cosmic Linear Anisotropy Solving System (CLASS) I: Overview
• A tale of two modes: Neutrino free-streaming in the early universe

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