Natural Phantom Dark Energy from a Z N --Axion

arXiv:2607.06774 · hep-ph, astro-ph.CO · Submitted 2026-07-07 · Read on arXiv

Cédric Delaunay, Admir Greljo

hep-ph, astro-ph.CO

Submitted: 2026-07-07

Comments: 17 pages

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The gist: We present a technically natural microscopic realization of apparent phantom dark energy based on an axion coupled to N copies of two-flavor dark QCD related by a Z N exchange symmetry.

Terminology

Abstract

We present a technically natural microscopic realization of apparent phantom dark energy based on an axion coupled to N copies of two-flavor dark QCD related by a Z N exchange symmetry. The symmetry exponentially suppresses the axion vacuum potential, naturally generating the dark-energy scale, while reheating into a single dark sector induces a controlled breaking of Z N that simultaneously restores the physical axion periodicity, sets the dark-matter abundance, and drives the late-time dark-energy dynamics. The selected sector contains dark-pion dark matter, whose finite density initially traps the axion away from its vacuum minimum. As the Universe expands and the dark-pion density redshifts away, the axion is released and rolls on the reheating-induced vacuum potential, generating an effective phantom crossing without tuned cancellations. We identify a viable parameter region that simultaneously reproduces the observed dark-matter relic abundance and dark-energy scale, satisfies cosmological and astrophysical constraints, and qualitatively reproduces the DESI preference for an evolving dark-energy equation of state.

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