Investigating a Possible Variation of the Gravitational Constant Through Gas Mass Fraction Measurements and Type Ia Supernovae Observations

arXiv:2607.05367 · astro-ph.CO, gr-qc · Submitted 2026-07-06 · Read on arXiv

L. R. Colaço, R. F. L. Holanda, Marcelo Ferreira

astro-ph.CO, gr-qc

Submitted: 2026-07-06

Comments: 10 pages, 2 figures , 2 tables. Published version in Physical Review D

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. D 114, 023515 (2026)

DOI: 10.1103/58jh-n2sx

Code: https://github.com/carlosandrepaes/GaPP

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Robustness — 4× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Gravitational Lensing — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Calibration — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Clustering — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Core — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Gaussian Processes (GPs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Monte Carlo Analysis — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Vector Representations — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• The fundamental constants and their variation: observational status and theoretical motivations
• Varying constants, Gravitation and Cosmology
• The status of varying constants: a review of the physics, searches and implications
• Fundamental constants: from measurement to the universe, a window on gravitation and cosmology
• Measurement of Newton's Constant Using a Torsion Balance with Angular Acceleration Feedback
• Testing gravity with cold atom interferometry: Results and prospects
• CMB and BAO constraints for an induced gravity dark energy model with a quartic potential
• Cosmological constraints on induced gravity dark energy models
• Cosmological Constraints on the Gravitational Interactions of Matter and Dark Matter
• How universe evolves with cosmological and gravitational constants
• Improved BBN Constraints on the Variation of the Gravitational Constant
• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis constraints on sterile neutrino and lepton asymmetry of the Universe
• A blinded determination of $H_0$ from low-redshift Type Ia supernovae, calibrated by Cepheid variables
• Type Ia supernovae, standardisable candles, and gravity
• Constraining the time variation of Newton's constant $G$ with gravitational-wave standard sirens and supernovae
• Constraints on the time variation of the gravitational constant using gravitational-wave observations of binary neutron stars
• An investigation of a varying G through Strong Lensing and SNe Ia observations
• Time variability of the gravitational constant and Type Ia supernovae
• On the Evolution of Cosmological Type Ia Supernovae and the Gravitational Constant
• Constraining a possible variation of G with Type Ia supernovae

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