Particle Production from Inhomogeneities: the off-shell side of gravitational waves

arXiv:2606.28297 · hep-ph, astro-ph.CO, gr-qc, hep-th · Submitted 2026-06-26 · Read on arXiv

Michele Redi, Andrea Tesi

hep-ph, astro-ph.CO, gr-qc, hep-th

Submitted: 2026-06-26

Comments: 26 pages, 3 figures

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Abundance — 37× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Phase Transitions — 20× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Reheating — 11× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Standard Model — 6× in this paper
• Trace — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adiabatic Evolution — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Boltzmann Equation — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Gravitational Wave Emission — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Regularization — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Topological Defects — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Gravitational Wave-Induced Freeze-In of Fermionic Dark Matter
• Weyl Fermion Creation by Cosmological Gravitational Wave Background at 1-loop
• Stochastic Dark Matter from Curvature Perturbations
• Particle production from inhomogeneities: general metric perturbations
• Cosmological gravitational particle production and its implications for cosmological relics
• Planckian Interacting Massive Particles as Dark Matter
• Gravitational Production of a Conformal Dark Sector
• General Freeze-in and Freeze-out
• Cosmological Backgrounds of Gravitational Waves
• The Stochastic Schwinger Effect
• Nonlocal effective action and particle creation in $D$ dimensions
• Gravitational wave background from Standard Model physics: Qualitative features
• Gravitational wave background from Standard Model physics: Complete leading order
• General Properties of the Gravitational Wave Spectrum from Phase Transitions
• Gravitational wave generation from bubble collisions in first-order phase transitions: an analytic approach

Related papers

• Classification of g-modes for neutron stars with a strong transition: Novel universal relation including slow stable hybrid stars
• Higgsino Dark Matter Interpretation of the LUX-ZEPLIN 248 keV Nuclear-Recoil Event
• A Unified Bogoliubov Approach to Primordial Gravitational Waves: From Inflation to Reheating
• Probing Memory-Burdened Primordial Black Holes with High-Energy Neutrinos
• Enhanced Dark Matter Quantum Sensing via Phase-Space Geometric Interferometry
• Axions as Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Dark Radiation