3D Kinematic Reconstruction of the Crab Nebula That Includes the Northern Ejecta `Jet'
Ziwei Ding, Dan Milisavljevic, Thomas Martin, Tea Temim, John C. Raymond, Soham Mandal, Laurent Drissen
astro-ph.HE
Submitted: 2026-06-24
Comments: 23 pages, 15 figures. Submitted to ApJ. Animations available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20822317
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: We present new detailed three-dimensional kinematic reconstructions of the Crab Nebula created from hyperspectral cubes obtained with the SITELLE instrument mounted on the Canada--France--Hawaii
Terminology
Abstract
We present new detailed three-dimensional kinematic reconstructions of the Crab Nebula created from hyperspectral cubes obtained with the SITELLE instrument mounted on the Canada--France--Hawaii Telescope. Our data cubes span a wavelength range from 3600 to 7000, covering major emission lines including [O II] lambda lambda 3726, 3729, H beta, [O III] lambda lambda 4959, 5007, [N II] lambda 5755, He I lambda 5876, [N II] lambda lambda 6548, 6584, [S II] lambda lambda 6717, 6731, and H alpha. The field of view encompasses the ``chimney" or ``jet," a 45-arcsec-wide funnel-shaped structure that extends 100 arcsec beyond the northern limb of the nebula. Our 3D reconstructions confirm and geometrically resolve a cavity at the jet's base that was suggested by earlier kinematic studies, establishing a direct physical connection between the filamentary network and the jet funnel. The morphology and kinematics indicate that the early pulsar wind nebula (PWN) played a central role in forming the jet. Several formation scenarios, which are not necessarily mutually exclusive, remain viable, including a bipolar outflow shaped by a circumstellar disk, a breach or underdensity in the ejecta shell, and a pre-existing progenitor mass-loss trail acting as a low-density channel. Collectively, these scenarios exhibit differing abilities to account for the jet's pronounced collimation, the absence of a southern counterpart, and its near-ballistic motion. Discriminating among them will require fully three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations that trace the remnant's evolution from the progenitor phase through late-time PWN expansion.
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