Euclid preparation. First investigation of the impact of cross-contamination on spectroscopic redshift measurements with pixel-level simulations

arXiv:2606.24697 · astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, astro-ph.IM · Submitted 2026-06-23 · Read on arXiv

Euclid Collaboration, F. Passalacqua, S. Anselmi, P. Monaco, C. Sirignano, S. Dusini, N. Fourmanoit, M. Fumana, E. Lecrivain, K. S. McCarthy, M. Moresco, F. Oppizzi, A. Renzi, M. Scodeggio, L. Stanco, A. Troja, S. Bruton, C. Carbone, S. de la Torre, B. R. Granett, G. Lavaux, S. Lee, K. Markovic, W. J. Percival, I. Risso, C. Scarlata, E. Sefusatti, Y. Wang, S. Andreon, N. Auricchio, H. Aussel, C. Baccigalupi, M. Baldi, S. Bardelli, P. Battaglia, A. Biviano, M. Bolzonella, E. Branchini, M. Brescia, S. Camera, G. Cañas-Herrera, V. Capobianco, V. F. Cardone, J. Carretero, S. Casas, F. J. Castander, M. Castellano, G. Castignani, S. Cavuoti, A. Cimatti, C. Colodro-Conde, G. Congedo, C. J. Conselice, L. Conversi, Y. Copin, A. Costille, F. Courbin, H. M. Courtois, A. Da Silva, H. Degaudenzi, G. De Lucia, H. Dole, F. Dubath, C. A. J. Duncan, X. Dupac, S. Escoffier, M. Farina, S. Ferriol, S. Fotopoulou, M. Frailis, E. Franceschi, L. Gabarra, S. Galeotta, K. George, W. Gillard, B. Gillis, C. Giocoli, J. Gracia-Carpio, A. Grazian, F. Grupp, L. Guzzo, W. G. Hartley, S. V. H. Haugan, S. Hemmati, W. Holmes, F. Hormuth, A. Hornstrup, P. Hudelot, K. Jahnke, M. Jhabvala, B. Joachimi, E. Keihänen, S. Kermiche, A. Kiessling, B. Kubik, M. Kunz, H. Kurki-Suonio, A. M. C. Le Brun, V. Le Brun, S. Ligori, P. B. Lilje, V. Lindholm, I. Lloro, M. Magliocchetti, G. Mainetti, D. Maino, E. Maiorano, O. Mansutti, S. Marcin, O. Marggraf, M. Martinelli, N. Martinet, F. Marulli, R. J. Massey, N. Mauri, C. J. R. McPartland, E. Medinaceli, S. Mei, Y. Mellier, M. Meneghetti, E. Merlin, G. Meylan, A. Mora, C. Moretti, L. Moscardini, E. Munari, R. Nakajima, C. Neissner, R. C. Nichol, S. -M. Niemi, C. Padilla, S. Paltani, F. Pasian, K. Pedersen, V. Pettorino, A. Pezzotta, S. Pires, G. Polenta, M. Poncet, L. A. Popa, L. Pozzetti, G. D. Racca, F. Raison, J. Rhodes, G. Riccio, E. Romelli, M. Roncarelli, C. Rosset, E. Rossetti, R. Saglia, Z. Sakr, A. G. Sánchez, D. Sapone, B. Sartoris, P. Schneider, T. Schrabback, A. Secroun, G. Seidel, S. Serrano, P. Simon, G. Sirri, J. Steinwagner, C. Surace, P. Tallada-Crespí, A. N. Taylor, H. I. Teplitz, I. Tereno, N. Tessore, S. Toft, R. Toledo-Moreo, F. Torradeflot, I. Tutusaus, L. Valenziano, J. Valiviita, T. Vassallo, A. Veropalumbo, D. Vibert, J. Weller, G. Zamorani, E. Zucca, V. Allevato, M. Ballardini, A. Boucaud, C. Burigana, R. Cabanac, M. Calabrese, A. Cappi, J. A. Escartin Vigo, R. Maoli, J. Martín-Fleitas, S. Matthew, R. B. Metcalf, M. Pöntinen, V. Scottez, M. Sereno, M. Tenti, M. Viel, M. Wiesmann, Y. Akrami, I. T. Andika, M. Archidiacono, F. Atrio-Barandela, P. Bergamini, D. Bertacca, M. Bethermin, A. Blanchard, L. Blot, M. Bonici, S. Borgani, M. L. Brown, A. Calabro, B. Camacho Quevedo, F. Caro, C. S. Carvalho, T. Castro, F. Cogato, S. Conseil, A. R. Cooray, O. Cucciati, S. Davini, G. Desprez, A. Díaz-Sánchez, J. J. Diaz, S. Di Domizio, J. M. Diego, M. Y. Elkhashab, A. Enia, Y. Fang, A. G. Ferrari, A. Finoguenov, A. Fontana, A. Franco, K. Ganga, J. García-Bellido, T. Gasparetto, E. Gaztanaga, F. Giacomini, F. Gianotti, G. Gozaliasl, M. Guidi, C. M. Gutierrez, A. Hall, H. Hildebrandt, J. Hjorth, S. Joudaki, J. J. E. Kajava, Y. Kang, V. Kansal, D. Karagiannis, K. Kiiveri, J. Kim, C. C. Kirkpatrick, S. Kruk, J. Le Graet, L. Legrand, M. Lembo, F. Lepori, G. Leroy, G. F. Lesci, J. Lesgourgues, T. I. Liaudat, A. Loureiro, J. Macias-Perez, C. Mancini, F. Mannucci, C. J. A. P. Martins, L. Maurin, M. Miluzio, G. Morgante, S. Nadathur, K. Naidoo, P. Natoli, A. Navarro-Alsina, S. Nesseris, D. Paoletti, K. Paterson, L. Patrizii, A. Pisani, D. Potter, S. Quai, M. Radovich, G. Rodighiero, S. Sacquegna, M. Sahlén, D. B. Sanders, E. Sarpa, A. Schneider, M. Schultheis, D. Sciotti, E. Sellentin, L. C. Smith, J. G. Sorce, K. Tanidis, C. Tao, G. Testera, R. Teyssier, S. Tosi, M. Tucci, D. Vergani, G. Verza, P. Vielzeuf, N. A. Walton

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astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, astro-ph.IM

Submitted: 2026-06-23

Comments: 18 pages, 15 pages

Project page: https://elsa-euclid.github.io

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The gist: We present a study on simulated data focused on understanding the performance of the spectroscopic redshift measurements with the Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) instrument on Euclid.

Terminology

Abstract

We present a study on simulated data focused on understanding the performance of the spectroscopic redshift measurements with the Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) instrument on Euclid. Simulations include scenarios with different levels of cross-contamination arising from overlapping spectra of nearby sources, which represents one of the main drawbacks of slitless spectroscopy. We present a new analysis based on pixel-level simulations of the NISP images, with the data processed using the Euclid spectroscopic pipeline. We first consider an idealised case with non-overlapping spectra to assess the accuracy and reliability of the redshift measurement as a function of the flux of the H-alpha emission line and galaxy size. We then introduce more realistic contamination scenarios, distinguishing between two contributions: contamination from H-alpha emitters, which are the Euclid targets for cosmological analyses, and contamination from all other galaxies. In the second case, we analyse the impact of cross-contamination with an increasing number of contaminants, from the brighter to the fainter galaxies. Given that our results show no clear evidence that sources fainter than magnitude 20 degrade redshift measurements, we conservatively restrict our analysis to galaxies with magnitudes up to 24. In particular, we provide a preliminary estimate that contamination from galaxies within the same redshift range as the target sample contributes to about 4% of the total degradation due to cross-contamination from all galaxies.

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