CHEX-MATE: AMALGAM weak-lensing analysis of 41 Planck Sunyaev-Zel'dovich-selected galaxy clusters

We present a weak-lensing shear analysis of 41 Planck SZ-selected galaxy clusters at 0.11 z 0.55 from the CHEX-MATE sample, using wide-field Subaru/Suprime-Cam and CFHT/MegaPrime imaging from the AMALGAM project. We detect the azimuthally averaged weak-lensing signal around the X-ray peak of each cluster, achieving a median S/N of 6.5 per cluster. The 45-rotated component has a median S/N of-0.1 and ranges from-1.8 to +1.8, consistent with zero. We model the excess surface mass density profile of each cluster with an NFW profile to infer weak-lensing mass and concentration constraints. The total systematic uncertainty in the weak-lensing mass calibration is assessed to be 8%. Using a hierarchical Bayesian framework, we then derive weak-lensing-calibrated scaling relations for the halo concentration, c 200, as a function of M 200 and redshift, and for the Planck SZ mass proxy, M SZ, as a function of M 500 and redshift, while accounting for sample selection effects, weak-lensing modelling biases, and residual calibration uncertainty. At M 200=10 15M and z=0.25, we find c 200=3.53 plus or minus0.71 with an intrinsic scatter of 0.22 plus or minus0.04 dex. The inferred normalisation and scatter are consistent with recent CDM predictions for massive haloes, with no significant mass or redshift dependence over the probed range. For the Planck mass proxy, our baseline regression yields M SZ/M 500=0.83 plus or minus0.09 at M 500=7 times10 14M and z=0.25, with an intrinsic scatter of 0.10 plus or minus0.02 dex. A restricted model with fixed unit mass slope and no redshift evolution gives 1-b=0.72 plus or minus0.11. We also provide weak-lensing-calibrated posterior estimates of M 500 for the sample based on the baseline M SZ -- M 500 -- z relation. These results provide an initial weak-lensing mass calibration for CHEX-MATE multi-probe cluster studies.