Nuclei in high-energy neutrino sources: A multimessenger study of in-source propagation
AmirFarzan Esmaeili, Arman Esmaili, Pasquale Dario Serpico
hep-ph, astro-ph.HE
Submitted: 2026-06-22
Comments: 15 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: The joint observation of astrophysical sources in gamma rays and neutrinos can provide invaluable insight into the physical conditions of the source, including its size, particle densities, and
Terminology
Abstract
The joint observation of astrophysical sources in gamma rays and neutrinos can provide invaluable insight into the physical conditions of the source, including its size, particle densities, and acceleration and production mechanisms. In this work, we investigate the role of nuclear composition in high-energy astrophysical environments. Using NGC 1068 as a representative example, we perform detailed Monte Carlo simulations of nuclear and electromagnetic cascades within the source and study the imprints of the injected nuclear composition on the resulting neutrino and gamma-ray emissions. We further discuss the importance of MeV-GeV gamma-ray observations for constraining the source composition in the context of future gamma-ray experiments. A dedicated re-analysis of archival COMPTEL observations is also presented.
Sources
- Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector
- First observation of PeV-energy neutrinos with IceCube
- Evidence for Astrophysical Muon Neutrinos from the Northern Sky with IceCube
- Energy spectra of gamma-rays, electrons and neutrinos produced at proton-proton interactions in the very high energy regime
- Parameterization of Gamma, e^+/- and Neutrino Spectra Produced by p-p Interaction in Astronomical Environment
- Testing the Hadronuclear Origin of PeV Neutrinos Observed with IceCube
- Hidden Cosmic-Ray Accelerators as an Origin of TeV-PeV Cosmic Neutrinos
- New constraints on the origin of medium-energy neutrinos observed by IceCube
- Where do IceCube neutrinos come from? Hints from the diffuse gamma-ray flux
- The TeV Diffuse Cosmic Neutrino Spectrum and the Nature of Astrophysical Neutrino Sources
- Evidence for neutrino emission from the nearby active galaxy NGC 1068
- Revealing the Production Mechanism of High-Energy Neutrinos from NGC 1068
- Multimessenger Constraints on Production Sites of High-Energy Neutrinos from NGC 1068
- Binary neutron star mergers as the source of the highest energy cosmic rays
- Ultraheavy Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic Rays
- Origin of the ankle in the ultra-high energy cosmic ray spectrum and of the extragalactic protons below it
- Progress towards characterizing ultrahigh energy cosmic ray sources
- Probing the environments surrounding ultrahigh energy cosmic ray accelerators and their implications for astrophysical neutrinos
- Nuclear Physics Meets the Sources of the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
- Cosmic-Ray and Neutrino Emission from Gamma-Ray Bursts with a Nuclear Cascade
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