Are Online Skill and Memory Modules Always Worth Their Tokens? A Budget-Constrained Study of Web Agents

arXiv:2606.15017 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-06-12 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-06-12

Updated: 2026-08-30

Project page: https://sinahmr.github.io/budget-constrained-web-agents

Terminology

• Actor — 58× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Verification — 17× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmark — 12× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Pruning — 12× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Trace — 6× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Scaffolding — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Abstraction — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Core — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Failure Modes — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Grounding — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Accuracy — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adaptability — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adaptation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Agent Architectures — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Agentic System — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Agentic Task — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Agentic Tasks — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Aggregation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmarking — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Continual Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Distillation — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Foundation Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Foundation Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Model-Agnostic — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Provenance — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Reasoning Traces — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Redundancy — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Visual Grounding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Terminal Agents Suffice for Enterprise Automation
• REAL: Benchmarking Autonomous Agents on Deterministic Simulations of Real Websites
• JEF-Hinter: Leveraging Offline Knowledge for Improving Web Agents Adaptation
• WAREX: Web Agent Reliability Evaluation on Existing Benchmarks
• SkillWeaver: Web Agents can Self-Improve by Discovering and Honing Skills
• WebXSkill: Skill Learning for Autonomous Web Agents

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