The Holistic Storage of Verb+Up Phrases in Text-based and Audio-based Language Models

arXiv:2606.13993 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-06-12 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-06-12

Updated: 2026-10-05

Code: https://github.com/znhoughton/llm-phrasal-compositionality

Terminology

• Accuracy — 16× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Perplexity — 6× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Transformer — 6× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 5× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Tokenization — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generalization — 3× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Abstraction — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Embeddings — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Interpretability — 2× in this paper · explained in 15 episodes
• Transformer Architecture — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Abundance — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adam — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• AdamW Optimizer — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alternation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Mechanistic interpretability — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Sparsity — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Transfer Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 10 episodes

Sources

• BabyLM Turns 3: Call for papers for the 2025 BabyLM workshop
• Infini-gram: Scaling Unbounded n-gram Language Models to a Trillion Tokens
• On the Interpretability of Whisper Encodings Using Sparse Autoencoders
• Both Direct and Indirect Evidence Contribute to Dative Alternation Preferences in Language Models
• OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models

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