X-rays breaking out of pre-explosion ejecta mark a supernova's first light

arXiv:2606.10014 · astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.SR · Submitted 2026-06-08 · Read on arXiv

Weimin Yuan, Qiu-Ju Huang, Jin-Ping Zhu, Yun-Wei Yu, Dong Xu, Chen Zhang, Zhuo Li, Yuan Liu, Tao An, Giulia Gianfagna, Weikang Zheng, Guowang Du, Xing Liu, Ji-An Jiang, Johan P. U. Fynbo, Alexei S. Pozanenko, Junjie Jin, Yi Yang, Jinsong Deng, Hui Sun, Guang-Lei Wu, Yu-Hao Zhang, Bao Wang, Yu Wang, Xiangyu Wang, Bin-Bin Zhang, Yong Chen, Yonghe Zhang, Bo Wang, Xiaofeng Wang, Xuefeng Wu, Zigao Dai, Jie An, G. C. Anupama, Arvind Balasubramanian, Congying Bao, Aru Beri, Varun Bhalerao, Thomas G. Brink, Gabriele Bruni, Minxuan Cai, Zhiming Cai, Krittapas Chanchaiworawit, Yehai Chen, Huaqing Cheng, Bertrand Cordier, Chenzhou Cui, Weiwei Cui, Cuiyuan Dai, D. Eappachen, M. V. Eselevich, Xiao Fan, Zhou Fan, Yuan Fang, Hua Feng, Alexei V. Filippenko, Shaoyu Fu, He Gao, Jinjun Geng, Vitaly Goranskij, Ju Guan, Dawei Han, Jinxin Hao, Linbo He, Min He, Jingwei Hu, Maohai Huang, Shumei Jia, Ziqing Jia, Shuaiqing Jiang, Chichuan Jin, Ge Jin, Peter Jonker, E. V. Klunko, Albert K. H. Kong, Chengkui Li, Dongyue Li, Rui-Zhi Li, Wenxiong Li, Run-Duo Liang, Zhixing Ling, Congzhan Liu, Huaqiu Liu, Liangduan Liu, Xiangkun Liu, Xiaowei Liu, Yuanqi Liu, Zhengwei Liu, Fangjun Lu, Jirong Mao, Xuan Mao, A. S. Moskvitin, Haiyang Mu, Kirpal Nandra, Jan-Uwe Ness, Kangrui Ni, Kanthanakorn Noysena, Paul O'Brien, Haiwu Pan, Yu Pan, N. S. Pankov, Luigi Piro, J. Quirola-Vasquez, Arne Rau, Nanda Rea, D. K. Sahu, Aditya Pawan Saikia, Jeremy Sanders, Liming Song, Olga Spiridonova, Ning-Chen Sun, Shengli Sun, Xiaojin Sun, Yuyin Tan, Aishwarya Linesh Thakur, Samaporn Tinyanont, Valery Vlasyuk, A. V. Volnova, Ailing Wang, Hong Wu, Qianrui Wu, Haitao Xu, Zelin Xu, Changbin Xue, Yi-Han Iris Yin, I. A. Zaznobin, Jia-Sen Zhang, Shuang-Nan Zhang, Songbo Zhang, Yu Zhang, Zipei Zhu, Zecheng Zou, Bing Zhang

astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.SR

Submitted: 2026-06-08

Comments: 8 figures, 5 tables

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Chinese Academy of Sciences — 22× in this paper
• Calibration — 14× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Einstein Probe — 14× in this paper
• Core — 13× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Follow-up X-ray Telescope — 3× in this paper
• Wide-field X-ray Telescope — 3× in this paper
• Aperture — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Aperture Photometry — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Metallicity — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Nordic Optical Telescope — 2× in this paper
• Wide Field Survey Telescope — 2× in this paper
• Accuracy — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Anisotropy — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory — 1× in this paper
• Homogenization — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Polarimetric Multi-Object Spectroscopy — 1× in this paper
• Trace — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• An extremely soft and weak fast X-ray transient associated with a luminous supernova
• Decadal pre-explosion activity and circumstellar interaction in a supernova
• Failed jet breakout in the metal-poor broad-lined type Ic supernova 2026gzf
• A Multi-Wavelength View of the First Type Ic-BL Supernova with an Einstein Probe X-ray Shock Breakout
• EP260321a/SN 2026gzf: The Faintest Shock Breakout Associated with a Broad-Lined Supernova
• Magnetar Engines in Broad-lined Type Ic Supernovae and a Unified Picture for Magnetar-powered Stripped-envelope Supernovae
• EP250827b/SN 2025wkm: An X-ray Flash-Supernova Powered by a Central Engine and Circumstellar Interaction

Related papers

• Numerical Studies of Accretion Flows onto a Neutron Star Engulfed in a Massive Star
• Collisionless Accretion of Finite-Angular-Momentum Plasma onto a Spinning Black Hole
• Impact of Magnetic Field Topology on Electromagnetic and Gravitational Waves from Binary Neutron Star Merger Remnants
• XRISM Resolve Spectroscopy of GX 5-1: Constraints on Iron Spectral Features in a Luminous Neutron-Star Binary
• SN 1006: A Cosmic Laboratory for Investigating Shock Acceleration Physics
• Neutrino Spectral Pinching in 3D Core-Collapse Supernovae: Late-Time Convergence, Failed-Explosion Signatures, and Viewing-Angle Dispersion