The Missing GAP: From Solving Square Jigsaw Puzzles to Handling Real World Archaeological Fragments

arXiv:2605.12077 · cs.CV, cs.AI · Submitted 2026-05-12 · Read on arXiv

cs.CV, cs.AI

Submitted: 2026-05-12

Updated: 2026-05-12

Journal ref: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2026, pp. 3186-3196

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Accuracy — 15× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmark — 14× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Flow Matching — 14× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Transformer — 14× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation — 10× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adaptation — 9× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• alpha — 9× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Core — 8× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation Studies — 5× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Embeddings — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Alignment — 4× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition — 4× in this paper
• Latent Space — 4× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Perfect Accuracy — 4× in this paper
• Reinforcement Learning — 4× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Absolute Accuracy — 3× in this paper
• Fidelity — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 3× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Generalization — 3× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Iterative Refinement — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Regularization — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Spatial Relationship Accuracy — 3× in this paper
• Adam — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Automatic Mixed Precision — 2× in this paper
• Diffusion Model — 2× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Generated Archaeological-fragments Puzzles — 2× in this paper
• Loss Function — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Mode Collapse — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Semantic Alignment — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Actor — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• AdamW Optimizer — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmarking — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Deep Reinforcement Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Diffusion Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Diffusion Process — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative AI — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative Modeling — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Latent Representation — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Optimal Transport — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Physical Constraints — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Principal Component Analysis — 1× in this paper
• Principal Component Analysis (PCA) — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Q-learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning (RL) — 1× in this paper · explained in 25 episodes
• Representation Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transfer Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 10 episodes
• Variational Autoencoder (VAE) — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Variational Bayes — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• ReassembleNet: Learnable Keypoints and Diffusion for 2D Fresco Reconstruction
• Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes
• A generative flow for conditional sampling via optimal transport
• An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale
• PuzLM: Solving Jigsaw Puzzles with Sequence-to-Sequence Language Models
• Flow Matching for Generative Modeling
• Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization
• Solving Convex Partition Visual Jigsaw Puzzles
• TEN: Twin Embedding Networks for the Jigsaw Puzzle Problem with Eroded Boundaries
• Pairwise Alignment & Compatibility for Arbitrarily Irregular Image Fragments
• Multi-Phase Relaxation Labeling for Square Jigsaw Puzzle Solving
• VLHSA: Vision-Language Hierarchical Semantic Alignment for Jigsaw Puzzle Solving with Eroded Gaps
• Solving Jigsaw Puzzles with Linear Programming

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