Constraints on High-Frequency Gravitational Waves from Graviton-Photon Conversion in the M87 Galaxy

arXiv:2604.01290 · hep-ph, astro-ph.HE · Submitted 2026-07-29 · Read on arXiv

Aman Gupta, Pratik Majumdar, Sourov Roy, Pratick Sarkar

hep-ph, astro-ph.HE

Submitted: 2026-07-29

Updated: 2026-08-20

Comments: 19 pages, 8 figures, Version accepted for publication in Physical Review D

Journal ref: Phys.Rev.D 114 (2026) 4, 043038

DOI: 10.1103/hw1y-2m48

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Event Horizon Telescope — 18× in this paper
• Core — 13× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Phase Transitions — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis — 2× in this paper
• Effective Hamiltonian — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Reheating — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Superradiance — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Topological Defects — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Abundance — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Accretion Flows — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmark — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Calibration — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Coherence Length — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Cosmic Photon Background — 1× in this paper
• Decoupling — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Korean VLBI Network — 1× in this paper
• Robustness — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Spectral Distortions — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Synchrotron Self Compton — 1× in this paper
• pulsar timing arrays — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs
• GWTC-2: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the First Half of the Third Observing Run
• GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the Second Part of the Third Observing Run
• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Evidence for a Gravitational-Wave Background
• The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array III. Search for gravitational wave signals
• Searching for continuous Gravitational Waves in the second data release of the International Pulsar Timing Array
• Search for an isotropic gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Gravitational wave background from binary systems
• The promise of multi-band gravitational wave astronomy
• Predicting the LISA white dwarf binary population in the Milky Way with cosmological simulations
• The construction and use of LISA sensitivity curves
• Upper Limits on the Isotropic Gravitational-Wave Background from Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's Third Observing Run
• Challenges and Opportunities of Gravitational Wave Searches at MHz to GHz Frequencies
• Stochastic gravitational wave background from stellar origin binary black holes in LISA
• Trajectories with suppressed tensor-to-scalar ratio in Aligned Natural Inflation
• Science with the space-based interferometer LISA. IV: Probing inflation with gravitational waves
• Primordial gravitational waves for universality classes of pseudoscalar inflation
• Gravitational waves at interferometer scales and primordial black holes in axion inflation
• The challenge of ruling out inflation via the primordial graviton background
• Gravitational wave production from preheating: parameter dependence

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