CCTU: A Benchmark for Tool Use under Complex Constraints

arXiv:2603.15309 · cs.CL, cs.AI · Submitted 2026-03-16 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.AI

Submitted: 2026-03-16

Updated: 2026-09-21

Comments: Accepted by AACL 2026

Code: https://github.com/Junjie-Ye/CCTU

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Thinking mode — 34× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmark — 26× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Verification — 19× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Core — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Hallucination — 4× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Benchmarking — 3× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 2× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning — 2× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Solve Rate — 2× in this paper
• Task Decomposition — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Abstraction — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Accuracy — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adaptation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Entanglement — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Inverse Problem — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Iterative Refinement — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Modularity — 1× in this paper · explained in 9 episodes
• Perfect Solve Rate — 1× in this paper
• Prompt Engineering — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Pruning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Resource Constraints — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes

Sources

• ACEBench: Who Wins the Match Point in Tool Usage?
• DeepSeek-V3.2: Pushing the Frontier of Open Large Language Models
• Augmented Language Models: a Survey
• Needle in the Haystack for Memory Based Large Language Models
• Generalizing Verifiable Instruction Following
• AGENTIF: Benchmarking Instruction Following of Large Language Models in Agentic Scenarios
• ToolAlpaca: Generalized Tool Learning for Language Models with 3000 Simulated Cases
• Kimi K2.5: Visual Agentic Intelligence
• FamilyTool: A Multi-hop Personalized Tool Use Benchmark
• Qwen3 Technical Report
• Feedback-Driven Tool-Use Improvements in Large Language Models via Automated Build Environments
• Instruction-Following Evaluation for Large Language Models

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